Introduction
Linking words, also known as transition words or connectors, are essential in creating clear and coherent arguments, especially in the TOEIC Listening & Reading test. They help connect ideas, making your writing and speaking more logical and easier to follow. Understanding and using linking words effectively can significantly improve your performance in the test.
Explanation
Linking words can be categorized based on their function:
Addition: Use these words to add information.
Examples: and, also, furthermore
Example sentence: The company offers competitive salaries and also provides excellent benefits.
Contrast: Use these to show differences or unexpected results.
Examples: but, however, on the other hand
Example sentence: The project was completed on time; however, the budget was exceeded.
Cause and Effect: Use these to show reasons and results.
Examples: because, therefore, as a result
Example sentence: Sales increased by 20% last quarter because of the new marketing strategy.
Example: Use these to give examples.
Examples: for example, such as, for instance
Example sentence: Many companies, such as Apple and Google, invest heavily in research and development.
Common mistakes
Using the wrong linking word can confuse the reader. For example, using but when you mean because can change the meaning of your sentence.
Overusing linking words can make your writing sound repetitive. Use them sparingly and only when necessary.
Tips for the TOEIC test
Pay attention to linking words in reading passages. They often signal important relationships between ideas.
In listening sections, linking words can help you understand the speaker's argument or the direction of the conversation.
Practice identifying and using linking words in context to improve your comprehension and expression.
Mini practice
Fill in the blanks with the correct linking word: and, but, or because.
The meeting was scheduled for 10 a.m., ______ it was postponed to 11 a.m. due to a scheduling conflict.
The new software is user-friendly ______ offers a variety of features for advanced users.
The team worked overtime last week ______ they wanted to meet the project deadline.
Answers
but
and
because