Introduction
In the TOEIC Listening & Reading test, understanding the use of the word "that" can be crucial. "That" is a versatile word in English, often used in different contexts such as a pronoun, a determiner, or a conjunction. Knowing how to correctly interpret and use "that" will help you comprehend reading passages and respond accurately to questions.
Explanation
As a pronoun, "that" is used to refer to a specific thing or idea previously mentioned.
Example: The report was excellent. That surprised everyone.As a determiner, "that" is used to specify a particular item or person.
Example: That presentation was very informative.As a conjunction, "that" introduces a clause, often to provide additional information.
Example: She mentioned that the meeting was postponed.
Common mistakes
Confusing "that" with "which": Use "that" for essential clauses and "which" for non-essential clauses.
Incorrect: The document, that you sent, was incomplete.
Correct: The document that you sent was incomplete.Omitting "that" in complex sentences: Sometimes learners drop "that" when it's needed for clarity.
Incorrect: He said he would call.
Correct: He said that he would call.
Tips for the TOEIC test
Pay attention to "that" in reading passages. It often introduces important information or details that might be questioned later.
In listening sections, listen for "that" to understand relationships between ideas or events.
Practice distinguishing between "that" and "which" to avoid common errors in sentence structure questions.
Mini practice
Fill in the blanks with the correct use of "that":
The manager confirmed ______ the new policy would start next month.
______ report needs to be submitted by Friday.
The decision ______ was made yesterday will affect the entire department.